A patient is diagnosed with pulmonary disease and an elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. Which of the following heart failures may result from this condition?

Pulmonary disease leading to elevated pulmonary vascular resistance can significantly impact the right side of the heart because the right ventricle is responsible for pumping blood through the pulmonary circulation. When there is increased resistance in the pulmonary arteries, the right ventricle must work harder to overcome this resistance in order to maintain adequate blood flow to the lungs. This added workload can lead to the development of right heart failure, also known as cor pulmonale.

Right heart failure is characterized by an inability of the right ventricle to effectively pump blood, which may cause a range of symptoms including edema due to fluid accumulation, elevated jugular venous pressure, and potential hepatomegaly. Thus, in patients with pulmonary disease and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance, the most likely outcome is that the heart will experience stress and strain leading to right heart failure. This condition is directly related to the changes in the pulmonary vascular environment and the resulting effects on the right ventricular function.