Which of the following is a primary characteristic of Turner syndrome?

Turner syndrome is primarily characterized by monosomy of the X chromosome, which means that affected individuals typically have only one functional X chromosome instead of the usual two. This chromosomal abnormality leads to a variety of developmental and health-related issues. The absence of the second X chromosome results in the hallmark features associated with Turner syndrome, including short stature, ovarian dysfunction, and specific physical traits like a webbed neck and broad chest.

The nature of Turner syndrome as a monosomy (1X instead of 2XX) contrasts with other conditions that involve additional or altered sex chromosomes, such as conditions associated with extra X chromosomes or a presence of a Y chromosome. Understanding this chromosomal basis is essential for recognizing the unique clinical manifestations associated with Turner syndrome.