Which of the following is an indicator of heart failure?

The presence of a persistent cough and wheezing is an important indicator of heart failure, particularly when congestive heart failure is involved. In heart failure, the heart's ability to pump blood effectively is compromised, leading to fluid buildup in the lungs, a condition known as pulmonary congestion. This accumulation of fluid in the alveoli can irritate the airways and result in symptoms such as cough and wheezing.

The cough is often described as a dry cough but can be productive, particularly when fluid overload is significant. Wheezing occurs due to the narrowing of the airways, which can also result from the fluid's impact on the lung's structure and function. These respiratory symptoms are closely tied to the heart's inefficiency, making them key indicators of heart failure.

Other symptoms related to heart failure can include fatigue, edema, and shortness of breath, but the persistent cough and wheezing specifically highlight the pulmonary complications of the condition. Therefore, these symptoms are critical in recognizing and diagnosing heart failure.